Dartmouth Combinatorics Seminar

Spring 2010

The seminar this term will be held on Thursdays at 1:20 in Kemeny 201.


Thursday September 30, 2010, 1:20 PM
Florian block (University of Michigan)

Computing Node Polynomials for Plane Curves

Enumeration of plane algebraic curves has a 150-year-old history. A combinatorial approach to this problem, inspired by tropical geometry, was recently suggested by Brugalle, Fomin, and Mikhalkin. I will explain this approach and its applications to computing Gromov-Witten invariants (or Severi degrees) of the complex projective plane, and their various generalizations. According to Goettsche's conjecture (now a theorem), these invariants are given by polynomials in the degree d of the curves being counted, provided that d is sufficiently large. I will discuss how to compute these "node polynomials," and how large d needs to be.


Thursday October 7, 2010, 1:20 PM
Sergi Elizalde (Dartmouth)

Permutations and beta-shifts

A permutation pi is realized by the shift on N letters if there is an infinite word on an N-letter alphabet whose successive shifts by one position are lexicographically in the same relative order as pi. Understanding the set of permutations realized by shifts, as well as other one-dimensional dynamical systems, is important because it provides tests to distinguish deterministic sequences from random ones. In this talk I will give a characterization of permutations realized by shifts, and also by a natural generalization of them, where the instead of N we have a real number beta.


Thursday October 14, 2010, 1:20 PM
Steven Sam (MIT)

Saturation theorems for the classical groups

Following Klyachko's solution of Horn's problem of characterizing the eigenvalues of A+B in terms of the eigenvalues of Hermitian matrices A and B, there has been interest in the so-called saturation conjecture (now theorem). This says that c^\nu_{\lambda, \mu} > 0 if and only if c^{N\nu}_{N\lambda, N\mu} > 0 for some N>0 where c is the Littlewood-Richardson coefficient. Following work of Derksen-Weyman and Schofield, I proved a generalization of this statement for orthogonal and symplectic groups. The proof uses techniques from invariant theory and quivers, so is not exactly combinatorial, so I will try to emphasize the combinatorial parts and questions that arise from the work and no prior knowledge of quivers or Lie theory will be assumed.


Thursday October 21, 2010, 1:20 PM
Delong Meng (MIT)

Reduced decompositions and permutation patterns generalized to the higher Bruhat order

A reduced decomposition of a permutation is an expression of the permutation as a sequence of adjacent transpositions. For example, (12, 13, 23, 14, 24) is a reduced decomposition of 3421 because 3421 can be obtained from 1234 through this sequence of transpositions as follow: {12}34 ---> 2{13}4 ---> {23}14 ---> 32{14} ---> 3{24}1 ---> 3421.

Reduced decompositions received considerable attention in a variety of contexts such as the study of the Coxeter groups and the enumeration of pseudoline arrangements. In this talk, we generalize the concept of reduced decompositions to the higher Bruhat order, a family of posets, one of which is a partial order on the symmetric group. We also introduce generalized permutation patterns---which turns out to be intrinsically related to subnetworks of a random sorting network---into the picture. In particular, we geometrically interpret reduced decompositions along with generalized permutation patterns through the cyclic hyperplane arrangements.

This talk is largely based on my research project from the Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) at the University of Minnesota Duluth this summer.


Thursday November 4, 2010, 1:20 PM
Amir Barghi (Dartmouth)

Firefighting on Random Geometric Graphs

In the Firefighter Problem which was first introduced in 1995, a fire starts at a vertex of a graph and in discrete time intervals spreads from burned vertices to their neighbors, unless they are protected by one of the $f$ firefighters that are deployed every turn. Once protected, a vertex remains protected. We assume that the trees in a forest are randomly distributed with a fixed density and fire spreads from one tree to another if their distance is less than one. In this talk, we will discuss a technique from percolation that helps us prove that stopping the fire from spreading indefinitely, requires a linear relation between $f$ and the density of the forest.

This talk is the extended version of my earlier talk that I gave at GSS this quarter.


Thursday November 11, 2010, 1:20 PM
Luis Serrano (Universite du Quebec a Montreal)

Maximal fillings of moon polyominoes, simplicial complexes, and Schubert polynomials

We exhibit a canonical connection between maximal (0,1)-fillings of a moon polyomino avoiding north-east chains of a given length and reduced pipe dreams of a certain permutation. Following this approach we show that the simplicial complex of such maximal fillings is a vertex-decomposable and thus a shellable sphere. In particular, this implies a positivity result for Schubert polynomials. For Ferrers shapes, we moreover construct a bijection to maximal fillings avoiding south-east chains of the same length which specializes to a bijection between k-triangulations of the n-gon and k-fans of Dyck paths. Using this, we translate a conjectured cyclic sieving phenomenon for k-triangulations with rotation to the language of k-flagged tableaux with promotion. This is based on http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.4690.


Thursday November 18, 2010, 1:20 PM
Joel Lewis (MIT)

Pattern Avoidance in Alternating Permutations

We give bijective proofs of pattern-avoidance results for a class of permutations generalizing alternating (up-down) permutations. The bijections employed include a modified form of the RSK insertion algorithm and recursive bijections based on generating trees. As special cases, we show that the sets A_{2n}(1234) and A_{2n}(2143) are in bijection with standard Young tableaux (SYT) of shape (3^n).

Alternating permutations may be viewed as the reading words of SYT of a certain skew shape. We extend our study to pattern avoidance in the reading words of SYT of any skew shape. We show bijectively that the number of standard Young tableaux of shape lambda/mu whose reading words avoid 213 is a natural mu-analogue of the Catalan numbers. Similar results hold for the patterns 132, 231 and 312.


Thursday December 2, 2010, 1:20 PM
Nan Li (MIT)

Generalized Ehrhart polynomials

Let $P$ be a polytope with rational vertices. A classical theorem of Ehrhart states that the number of lattice points in the dilations $P(n) = nP$ is a quasi-polynomial in $n$. We generalize this theorem by allowing the vertices of P(n) to be arbitrary rational functions in $n$. In this case we prove that the number of lattice points in P(n) is a quasi-polynomial for $n$ sufficiently large. Our work was motivated by a conjecture of Ehrhart on the number of solutions to parametrized linear Diophantine equations whose coefficients are polynomials in $n$, and we explain how these two problems are related.


Previous Terms:

Fall 2004.

Spring 2006.

Fall 2008

Winter 2009

Spring 2009

Fall 2009

Winter 2010

Spring 2010

If you are interested in speaking please email Sergi Elizalde, or Rosa Orellana.